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Mutations: Composing Mutations and Queries

Consider an "edit my profile" page in a typical web app. As the developer, you'll want to first fetch the user's profile (the query), display it in some pleasant page layout (the template), and offer controls to update profile fields like nickname or avatar (the mutation).

Combining queries with mutations in the same component like this is a common pattern. Apollo Elements provides some different ways to accomplish that goal. Let's take these GraphQL documents as an example and see how we can combine them on one page.

query ProfileQuery(
  $userId: ID!
) {
  profile(userId: $userId) {
    id
    name
    picture
    birthday
  }
}

mutation UpdateProfileMutation(
  $input: UpdateProfileInput
) {
  updateProfile(input: $input) {
    id
    name
    picture
    birthday
  }
}

Using <apollo-mutation>

Import the <apollo-mutation> element from @apollo-elements/components to write declarative mutations right in your template. In this way, we combine our query and mutation into a single component:

<apollo-query>
  <script type="application/graphql">
    query User($userId: ID!) {
      user(userId: $userId) { id isMe name birthday picture }
    }
  </script>
  <template>
    <h2>Profile</h2>

    <dl ?hidden="{{ loading || !data }}">
      <dt>Name</dt>
      <dd>{{ data.user.name }}</dd>

      <dt>Picture</dt>
      <dd><img .src="{{ data.user.picture }}"/></dd>

      <dt>Birthday</dt>
      <dd>{{ data.user.birthday }}</dd>
    </dl>

    <form ?hidden="{{ !data.user.isMe }}">
      <h3>Edit</h3>
      <apollo-mutation input-key="input">
        <script type="application/graphql">
          mutation UpdateProfileMutation($input: UpdateProfileInput) {
            id
            name
            picture
            birthday
          }
        </script>
        <label for="name">Name</label>
        <input id="name"
               data-variable="name"
               .value="{{ data.user.name }}"/>

        <label for="picture">Picture (URL)</label>
        <input id="picture"
               data-variable="picture"
               .value="{{ data.user.picture }}"/>

        <label for="birthday">Birthday</label>
        <input id="birthday"
               data-variable="birthday" type="date"
               .value="{{ data.user.birthday }}"/>

        <button trigger>Save</button>
      </apollo-mutation>
    </form>
  </template>
</apollo-query>


import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { ControllerHostMixin } from '@apollo-elements/mixins';
import { ApolloQueryController } from '@apollo-elements/core';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

const template = document.createElement('template');
template.innerHTML = `
  <h2>Profile</h2>

  <dl>
    <dt>Name</dt>
    <dd></dd>

    <dt>Picture</dt>
    <dd><img role="presentation"/></dd>

    <dt>Birthday</dt>
    <dd></dd>
  </dl>

  <form hidden>
    <h3>Edit</h3>
    <apollo-mutation input-key="input">
      <label>Name <input data-variable="name"></label>
      <label>Picture (URL) <input data-variable="picture"></label>
      <label>Birthday <input data-variable="birthday" type="date"/></label>
      <button trigger>Save</button>
    </apollo-mutation>
  </form>
`;

export class ProfilePage extends ControllerHostMixin(HTMLElement) {
  query = new ApolloQueryController(this, ProfileQuery);

  $ = selector => this.shadowRoot.querySelector(selector);

  constructor() {
    super();
    this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' }).append(template.content.cloneNode(true));
    this.$('apollo-mutation').mutation = UpdateProfileMutation;
    this.requestUpdate();
  }

  update() {
    const { data, loading } = this.query;
    this.$('dl').hidden = loading || !data;
    this.$('dd:nth-of-type(0)').textContent = data?.name;
    if (data?.picture)
      this.$('dd img').src = data.picture;
    this.$('dd:nth-of-type(2)').textContent = data?.birthday;
    this.$('form').hidden = !data?.isMe;
    super.update();
  }
}

customElements.define('profile-page', ProfilePage);


import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { ApolloQueryController } from '@apollo-elements/core';
import { LitElement, html } from 'lit';
import { customElement } from 'lit/decorators.js';
import { ifDefined } from 'lit/directives/if-defined.js';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

@customElement('profile-page')
export class ProfilePage extends LitElement {
  query = new ApolloQueryController(this, ProfileQuery);

  render() {
    const { data, loading } = this.query;
    return html`
      <h2>Profile</h2>

      <dl ?hidden="${loading || !data}">
        <dt>Name</dt>
        <dd>${data?.name}</dd>

        <dt>Picture</dt>
        <dd><img src="${ifDefined(data?.picture)}"/></dd>

        <dt>Birthday</dt>
        <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
      </dl>

      <form ?hidden="${!data?.isMe}">
        <h3>Edit</h3>
        <apollo-mutation .mutation="${UpdateProfileMutation}" input-key="input">
          <label>Name <input data-variable="name"></label>
          <label>Picture (URL) <input data-variable="picture"></label>
          <label>Birthday <input data-variable="birthday" type="date"/></label>
          <button trigger>Save</button>
        </apollo-mutation>
      </form>
    `;
  }
}

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { FASTElement, customElement, html, ViewTemplate } from '@microsoft/fast-element';
import { ApolloQueryBehavior } from '@apollo-elements/fast';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

const template: ViewTemplate<ProfilePage> = html`
  <h2>Profile</h2>

  dl ?hidden="${x => x.query.loading || !x.query.data}"
    <dt>Name</dt>
    <dd>${x => x.query.data?.name}</dd>

    <dt>Picture</dt>
    <dd><img src="${x => x.query.data?.picture ?? null}"/></dd>

    <dt>Birthday</dt>
    <dd>${x => x.query.data?.birthday}</dd>
  </dl>

  <form ?hidden="${!x => x.query.data?.isMe}">
    <h3>Edit</h3>
    <apollo-mutation .mutation="${UpdateProfileMutation}" input-key="input">
      <fast-text-field data-variable="name>Name</fast-text-field>
      <fast-text-field data-variable="picture>Picture (URL)</fast-text-field>
      <fast-text-field data-variable="birthday" type="date">Birthday</fast-text-field>
      <fast-button trigger>Save</fast-button>
    </apollo-mutation>
  </form>
`;

@customElement({ name: 'profile-page', template })
export class ProfilePage extends FASTElement {
  query = new ApolloQueryBehavior(this, ProfileQuery);
}

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { useQuery, component, html } from '@apollo-elements/haunted';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

function ProfilePage() {
  const { data, loading } = useQuery(ProfileQuery);

  return html`
    <h2>Profile</h2>

    <dl ?hidden="${loading || !data}">
      <dt>Name</dt>
      <dd>${data?.name}</dd>

      <dt>Picture</dt>
      <dd><img src="${ifDefined(data?.picture)}"/></dd>

      <dt>Birthday</dt>
      <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
    </dl>

    <form ?hidden="${!data?.isMe}">
      <h3>Edit</h3>
      <apollo-mutation .mutation="${UpdateProfileMutation}" input-key="input">
        <label>Name <input data-variable="name"></label>
        <label>Picture (URL) <input data-variable="picture"></label>
        <label>Birthday <input data-variable="birthday" type="date"/></label>
        <button trigger>Save</button>
      </apollo-mutation>
    </form>
  `;

}

customElements.define('profile-page', component(ProfilePage));

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { useQuery, c } from '@apollo-elements/atomico';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

function ProfilePage() {
  const { data, loading } = useQuery(ProfileQuery);

  return (
    <host shadowDom>
      <h2>Profile</h2>
      <dl hidden={loading || !data}>
        <dt>Name</dt>
        <dd>{data?.name}</dd>
        <dt>Picture</dt>
        <dd><img src="{data?.picture}"/></dd>
        <dt>Birthday</dt>
        <dd>{data?.birthday}</dd>
      </dl>
      <form hidden="{!data?.isMe}">
        <h3>Edit</h3>
        <apollo-mutation mutation="{UpdateProfileMutation}" input-key="input">
          <label>Name <input data-variable="name"></label>
          <label>Picture (URL) <input data-variable="picture"></label>
          <label>Birthday <input data-variable="birthday" type="date"/></label>
          <button trigger>Save</button>
        </apollo-mutation>
      </form>
    </host>
  );

}

customElements.define('profile-page', c(ProfilePage));

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { query, define, html } from '@apollo-elements/hybrids';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

define('profile-page', {
  query: query(ProfileQuery),
  render: ({ query: { data, loading } }) => html`
    <h2>Profile</h2>

    <dl hidden="${loading || !data}">
      <dt>Name</dt>
      <dd>${data?.name}</dd>

      <dt>Picture</dt>
      <dd><img src="${data?.picture ?? null}"/></dd>

      <dt>Birthday</dt>
      <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
    </dl>

    <form hidden="${!data?.isMe}">
      <h3>Edit</h3>
      <apollo-mutation mutation="${UpdateProfileMutation}" input-key="input">
        <label>Name <input data-variable="name"></label>
        <label>Picture (URL) <input data-variable="picture"></label>
        <label>Birthday <input data-variable="birthday" type="date"/></label>
        <button trigger>Save</button>
      </apollo-mutation>
    </form>
  `,
});

Read more about the <apollo-mutation> component.

Using ApolloMutationController

<blink>The Apollo HTML elements use the controllers under the hood</blink>
<marquee>Just follow the previous example.</marquee>

import { ControllerHostMixin } from '@apollo-elements/mixins';
import { ApolloQueryController, ApolloMutationController } from '@apollo-elements/core';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

const template = document.createElement('template');
template.innerHTML = `
  <h2>Profile</h2>

  <dl>
    <dt>Name</dt>
    <dd></dd>

    <dt>Picture</dt>
    <dd><img role="presentation"/></dd>

    <dt>Birthday</dt>
    <dd></dd>
  </dl>

  <form hidden>
    <h3>Edit</h3>
    <label>Name <input id="name"></label>
    <label>Picture (URL) <input id="picture"></label>
    <label>Birthday <input id="birthday" type="date"/></label>
    <button>Save</button>
  </form>
`;

export class ProfilePage extends ControllerHostMixin(HTMLElement) {
  query = new ApolloQueryController(this, ProfileQuery);
  mutation = new ApolloQueryController(this, UpdateProfileMutation);

  $ = selector => this.shadowRoot.querySelector(selector);
  $$ = selector => this.shadowRoot.querySelectorAll(selector);

  constructor() {
    super();
    this.attachShadow({ mode: 'open' }).append(template.content.cloneNode(true));
    this.$('button').addEventListener(e => this.mutation.mutate({
      variables: {
        // collect the inputs and flatten them in to a variables object
        input: Object.fromEntries(Array.from(this.$$('input'), el => [el.id, el.value]))
      }
    }));
    this.requestUpdate();
  }

  update() {
    const { data, loading } = this.query;
    this.$('dl').hidden = loading || !data;
    this.$('dd:nth-of-type(0)').textContent = data?.name;
    if (data?.picture)
      this.$('dd img').src = data.picture;
    this.$('dd:nth-of-type(2)').textContent = data?.birthday;
    this.$('form').hidden = !data?.isMe;
    super.update();
  }
}

customElements.define('profile-page', ProfilePage);

import { ApolloQueryController, ApolloMutationController } from '@apollo-elements/core';
import { LitElement, html } from 'lit';
import { customElement, queryAll } from 'lit/decorators.js';
import { ifDefined } from 'lit/directives/if-defined.js';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

@customElement('profile-page')
export class ProfilePage extends LitElement {
  query = new ApolloQueryController(this, ProfileQuery);
  mutation = new ApolloQueryController(this, UpdateProfileMutation);

  @queryAll('input') inputs: NodeListOf<HTMLInputElement>;

  render() {
    const { data, loading } = this.query;
    return html`
      <h2>Profile</h2>

      <dl ?hidden="${loading || !data}">
        <dt>Name</dt>
        <dd>${data?.name}</dd>

        <dt>Picture</dt>
        <dd><img src="${ifDefined(data?.picture)}"/></dd>

        <dt>Birthday</dt>
        <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
      </dl>

      <form ?hidden="${!data?.isMe}">
        <h3>Edit</h3>
        <label>Name <input ?disabled="${this.mutation.loading}" id="name"></label>
        <label>Picture (URL) <input ?disabled="${this.mutation.loading}" id="picture"></label>
        <label>Birthday <input ?disabled="${this.mutation.loading}" id="birthday" type="date"/></label>
        <button ?disabled="${this.mutation.loading}" @click="${this.onSave}">Save</button>
      </form>
    `;
  }

  onSave() {
    this.mutation.mutate({
      variables: {
        // collect the inputs and flatten them in to a variables object
        input: Object.fromEntries(Array.from(this.inputs, el => [el.id, el.value]))
      }
    }
  });
}

import { FASTElement, customElement, html, ViewTemplate } from '@microsoft/fast-element';
import { ApolloQueryBehavior } from '@apollo-elements/fast';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

const template: ViewTemplate<ProfilePage> = html`
  <h2>Profile</h2>

  dl ?hidden="${x => x.query.loading || !x.query.data}"
    <dt>Name</dt>
    <dd>${x => x.query.data?.name}</dd>

    <dt>Picture</dt>
    <dd><img src="${x => x.query.data?.picture ?? null}"/></dd>

    <dt>Birthday</dt>
    <dd>${x => x.query.data?.birthday}</dd>
  </dl>

  <form ?hidden="${!x => x.query.data?.isMe}">
    <h3>Edit</h3>
    <label>Name <input ?disabled="${x => x.mutation.loading}" id="name"></label>
    <label>Picture (URL) <input ?disabled="${x => x.mutation.loading}" id="picture"></label>
    <label>Birthday <input ?disabled="${x => x.mutation.loading}" id="birthday" type="date"/></label>
    <button ?disabled="${x => x.mutation.loading}" @click="${(x, { event }) => x.onSave(event)}">Save</button>
  </form>
`;

@customElement({ name: 'profile-page', template })
export class ProfilePage extends FASTElement {
  query = new ApolloQueryBehavior(this, ProfileQuery);
  mutation = new ApolloQueryBehavior(this, UpdateProfileMutation);

  onSave() {
    const inputs = this.shadowRoot.querySelectorAll('input');
    this.mutation.mutate({
      variables: {
        // collect the inputs and flatten them in to a variables object
        input: Object.fromEntries(Array.from(inputs, el => [el.id, el.value]))
      }
    }
  });
}

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { useQuery, useMutation, useState, component, html } from '@apollo-elements/haunted';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

function ProfilePage() {
  const { data, loading } = useQuery(ProfileQuery);
  const [updateProfile, result] = useMutation(UpdateProfileMutation);
  const [input, setInput] = useState({})

  const onVariableInput = e => setInput({ ...input, [e.target.id]: e.target.value });

  return html`
    <h2>Profile</h2>

    <dl ?hidden="${loading || !data}">
      <dt>Name</dt>
      <dd>${data?.name}</dd>

      <dt>Picture</dt>
      <dd><img src="${ifDefined(data?.picture)}"/></dd>

      <dt>Birthday</dt>
      <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
    </dl>

    <form ?hidden="${!data?.isMe}">
      <h3>Edit</h3>
      <label>Name <input id="name" @input="${onVariableInput}"></label>
      <label>Picture (URL) <input id="picture" @input="${onVariableInput}"></label>
      <label>Birthday <input id="birthday" @input="${onVariableInput}" type="date"/></label>
      <button @click="${() => updateProfile({ variables: { input } })}">Save</button>
    </form>
  `;

}

customElements.define('profile-page', component(ProfilePage));

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { useQuery, useMutation, useState, c } from '@apollo-elements/atomico';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

function ProfilePage() {
  const { data, loading } = useQuery(ProfileQuery);
  const [updateProfile, result] = useMutation(UpdateProfileMutation);
  const [input, setInput] = useState({})

  const onVariableInput = e => setInput({ ...input, [e.target.id]: e.target.value });

  return (
    <host shadowDom>
      <h2>Profile</h2>
      <dl hidden={loading || !data}>
        <dt>Name</dt>
        <dd>${data?.name}</dd>
        <dt>Picture</dt>
        <dd><img src={data?.picture}/></dd>
        <dt>Birthday</dt>
        <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
      </dl>
      <form hidden={!data?.isMe}>
        <h3>Edit</h3>
        <label>Name <input id="name" oninput={onVariableInput}></label>
        <label>Picture (URL) <input id="picture" oninput={onVariableInput}></label>
        <label>Birthday <input id="birthday" oninput={onVariableInput} type="date"/></label>
        <button onclick={() => updateProfile({ variables: { input } })}>Save</button>
      </form>
    </host>
  );

}

customElements.define('profile-page', c(ProfilePage));

import '@apollo-elements/components/apollo-mutation';
import { query, mutation, define, html } from '@apollo-elements/hybrids';

import { ProfileQuery } from './Profile.query.graphql';
import { UpdateProfileMutation } from 'UpdateProfile.mutation.graphql';

const onVariableInput = (host, e) => {
  host.mutation.variables = {
    input: {
      ...host.mutation.variables?.input,
      [e.target.id]: e.target.value,
    },
  };
}

define('profile-page', {
  query: query(ProfileQuery),
  mutation: mutation(UpdateProfileMutation),
  render: ({ query: { data, loading } }) => html`
    <h2>Profile</h2>

    <dl hidden="${loading || !data}">
      <dt>Name</dt>
      <dd>${data?.name}</dd>

      <dt>Picture</dt>
      <dd><img src="${data?.picture ?? null}"/></dd>

      <dt>Birthday</dt>
      <dd>${data?.birthday}</dd>
    </dl>

    <form hidden="${!data?.isMe}">
      <h3>Edit</h3>
      <label>Name <input id="name" oninput="${onVariableInput}"></label>
      <label>Picture (URL) <input id="picture" oninput="${onVariableInput}"></label>
      <label>Birthday <input id="birthd oninput="${onVariableInput}"ay" type="date"/></label>
      <button onclick="${() => host.mutation.mutate()}">Save</button>
    </form>
  `,
});

Read more about ApolloMutationController in the API docs.